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The districts of Kosovo (, Serbian: , transliterated ) are the higher-level administrative divisions of both the Kosovo (UNMIK) protectorate and the partially recognized Republic of Kosovo, over the earlier territory (1990 to 1999) of the Serbian Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija.
Kosovo is further divided into municipalities (). Under UNMIK administration (established in 1999), new districts in Kosovo were formed in 2000.
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Pristina, also spelled Prishtina or Priština ( or Prishtina, Serbian: Приштина, Priština) is the capital and largest city of Kosovo, a territory in the Balkans that is disputed between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia following a declaration of independence. It is the administrative center of the homonymous municipality and district.
It is estimated that the current population of the city stands between 500,000<ref name="OSCE profile">OSCE , April 2008. Retrieved on 20 June 2008.</ref> and 600,000.<ref name="UK profile">UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office Country Profiles: Kosovo. Retrieved on 21 February 2008.</ref> The city has a majority Albanian population, alongside other smaller communities including Turks, Serbs, Bosniaks, Roma and others. The territory's interim government and the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) have their headquarters in the city. It is the administrative, educational, cultural center of Kosovo. The city is home to the University of Pristina and has an international airport, Pristina International Airport, with the IATA airport code of PRN and ICAO code LYPR (temporarily BKPR while UNMIK in effect).
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The District of Pristina (; ) is a district in Kosovo, with seat in the city of Pristina.
:Note: this is article about UNMIK district in Kosovo. For the former district of the Serbian government, see Peć District article.
The District of Peć (; or Pećki okrug) is one the the seven districts (the higher-level administrative divisions) of Kosovo; it has its seat in the city of Peć.
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The Uroševac District or Ferizaj District (; ) is one the the seven districts (the higher-level administrative divisions) of Kosovo, with seat in Uroševac.
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A District (, Serbian: , transliterated ) is the higher-level administrative division of both the Kosovo (UNMIK) protectorate and the partially recognized Republic of Kosovo, over the earlier territory (1990 to 1999) of the Serbian Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. It was also an administrative unit in the latter. The districts of Kosovo are based on the Districts of Kosovo and Metohija.
In Albanian they are also called Komuna or Distrikt, as in Komuna e Mitrovicës or Distrikti i Mitrovicës.
Uroševac or Ferizaj ( or Ferazaji; ; ) is a city and municipality in southern Kosovo, located some south of the capital Pristina. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous district. The central city postal codes include 70000, 70010, 70030 and 70040.
The municipality covers an area of 345 km², including the city of Uroševac and 44 villages. It is largely an agricultural plain. Its population is estimated at 160,000 to 170,000 (2007).<ref name="OSCE profile">OSCE , October 2007. Retrieved on 10 March 2008.</ref>
Peć or Peja is a town and municipality in north-western Kosovo, and the administrative centre of the homonymous district.
The Serbian name of the city is Peć (Пећ); the Albanian name's definite form is Peja and the indefinite one Pejë. Other names of the city include the Latin Pescium and Siparantum, the Greek Episkion (Επισκιον), the Turkish Ipek or İpek, and the formerly used form Pentza.
The municipality covers an area of , including the town of Peć and 95 villages; it is divided into 28 territorial communities. The municipality has a population of approximately 170,000 (2008), of which ca. 81.000 live in the town of Peć.<ref name="OSCE profile Pec 2008">OSCE Mission in Kosovo: Municipal profile of Peja, April 2008. – Retrieved on 12 November 2008.</ref><ref name="World Gazetteer">World Gazetteer: Kosovo: largest cities and town and statistics of their population. – Retrieved on 12 November 2008.</ref>
:Note: this is article about the UNMIK district in Kosovo. For the former district of the Serbian government, see Kosovska Mitrovica District article.
The Kosovska Mitrovica District or Mitrovica District (; ) is one the the seven districts (the higher-level administrative divisions) of Kosovo, with seat in the city of Kosovska Mitrovica.
Dečani or Deçan ( or Deçani; , Dečani; ) is a town in the Đakovica district of western Kosovo. It is widely known for the Visoki Dečani monastery of the Serb Orthodox Church.
Glogovac (Albanian: Drenas or Gllogovc, Serbian: Глоговац, Glogovac) is a town and municipality in central Kosovo.
Klina or Klinë ( or Klinë; ; ) is a city and municipality in central Kosovo. It is located at the confluence of the river Klina into the White Drin.
Leposavić or Leposaviq ( or Albaniku; or Leposavić, ) is a town and municipality in the district of Kosovska Mitrovica of northern Kosovo. It is part of so-called North Kosovo, a region with an ethnic Serb majority that functions largely autonomously from the remainder of the ethnic-Albanian-majority Kosovo. According to OSCE and UNHCR estimates, the municipality has a population of approximately 18,600 (2007).<ref name="OSCE profile">OSCE , October 2007. Retrieved on 9 March 2008.</ref>
:Note: this is article about UNMIK district in Kosovo. For the former district of the Serbian government, see Prizren District article.
The Prizren District (, , Prizrenski okrug) is one the the seven districts (the higher-level administrative divisions) of Kosovo, with seat in in Prizren.
Podujevo or Podujeva (, Podujeva or Besiana; ) is a town and municipality located in the district of Pristina of north-eastern Kosovo.
Podujevo is situated in a strategic position due to a regional motorway and railroad linking surrounding regions. Although there is no official data, the total population of the municipality is estimated at 130,000, including the estimated 35,000 inhabitants of the town.OSCE , June 2006, page 2: Introduction: Area and Population.
Kosovo Polje or Fushë Kosova (Albanian Fushë Kosovë or Fushë Kosova; Serbian Косово Поље or Kosovo Polje, literally "Kosovo Field"or "blackbird field"; sometimes ) is a town and municipality in the Pristina district of central Kosovo, at 42.63° North, 21.12° East, or approximately 8 kilometres south-west of the capital Pristina. In 2003 the city had a total population of 28,600.
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Pristina City Stadium () is a multi-use stadium in Pristina and one of the biggest stadiums in Kosovo. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of KF Prishtina. The stadium holds 25,000 people or 16,200 seated. It is also one of the two stadiums that have been picked for international matches.
Bregu i Diellit, meaning 'Sunny Hill' ( or Kodra e Diellit; ), is the largest and most populated district of Pristina, the capital of Kosovo. It lies in these geographical coordinates:
The University of Prishtina as well as the University of Priština (; ; ; ) are at present two disjoint public universities located in Kosovo, sharing the same history up to a point of bifurcation, which took place in 1999.
The university was opened as one university in Yugoslavia, in the city of Priština, for the academic year 1969/1970Speech of the Rector of the University of Priština published at the University's website, rektorat.ftnkm.info, text from 1967.<ref name=Republika></ref> and functioned as the University of Priština until 1999. However, owing to political upheaval, war, successive mutual expulsions of faculty of one ethnicity or the other, and resultant pervasive ethnic-based polarisation, currently, there are two separate, disjoint institutions, both using the same name, albeit each notated idiosyncratically, to reflect their polarized ethnic identity and divergent physical locations, separate Serbian and Albanian entities: * University of Priština situated at Kosovska Mitrovica: A Serbian entity displaced from the city of Priština in 1999, conducting education in Serbian language, backed by the Government of Serbia<ref name="University of Pristina (Serbian)"></ref> (recognized by UNMIK since 2002 but under the name University of Mitrovica<ref name=autogenerated1>EUA: University of Mitrovica re-accredited<!--Bot-generated title--></ref><ref name=Glas></ref>http://www.mfa.gov.rs/Srpski/Kultura/vesti_kultura/201202_s.html<ref name="EUA welcomes new Members"> EUA welcomes new Members, 30 October, 2008</ref>), and which in Serbia'a view has the legal continuity with the original institution, albeit it has been physically expelled from the campus located in Priština<ref name=Republika/>http://www.nin.co.yu/2003-04/29/28695.html NIN,April 23, 2003, presently having taken up physical residence in Kosovska Mitrovica, a city in the northern ethnically mainly Serbian region of Kosovo, and the Kosovan state university now lodged on the original campus: *University of Prishtina, instructing in Albanian language, recognized internationally by American and West European universities and international organizations cooperatng with it,<ref name="uiowa.edu">University of Iowa's page about archeological and otherwise cooperation with University of Prishtina, uiowa.edu. Link accessed 2008-04-14.</ref><ref name="uic.edu">International Center on Responses to Catastrophes at the University of Illinois at Chicago: HIV, mentions its cooperation with the University of Prishtina, uic.edu. Link accessed 2008-04-14.</ref><ref name="darthmouth.edu">Dartmouth College: The Dartmouth Initiative in Global Health and Healthy Development, discusses cooperation with the University of Prishtina School of Medicinie in Prishtina, Kosovo, darthmouth.edu. Link accessed 2008-04-14.</ref><ref name="HUMSEC, European Commission"> University of Prishtina's Human Rights Centre, established in 2000, after Serbia lost control of the University, located in Pristina, now the capital of Republic of Kosovo, affiliated university with HUMSEC, human rights project of the European Commission, HUMSEC - European Commission, Graz, Austria. Link accessed 2008-04-14.</ref> located physically in Pristina, now the capital city of the disputed territory Kosovo..
In 2003 the University in Pristina had been described as being "at the very core of political conflict and the self-esteem of Albanian Kosovars".<ref name=reviews></ref> It was for many years accused by Serbian politicians and the Serbian media of promoting ethnic Albanian separatism in Kosovo <ref name="kostovicova"></ref>, and following the rise to power of Slobodan Milošević it was purged of those deemed to be separatists. It was at this time that the university faculty split into Serbian and Albanian halves, with the Serbian staff controlling the campus and the sacked Albanian staff gone "underground" for much of the 1990s, providing education informally and in secret for Kosovo Albanian students.
Following establishing NATO control over the territory of Kosovo, the Albanian faculty gained control of the campus after the end of the Kosovo War in 1999, while the Serbian faculty relocated first to central Serbia (from 1999 to 2001 the seat was in Kruševac) and two years later to the northern Kosovo (the seat is currently in Northern Kosovska Mitrovica). There, it has operated effectively as a rival university to the Kosovan state university in the capital - also under the name of the University of Pristina. Despite the common name and history, the two universities are not combined or maintain any cooperative relationship. The faculties of the exiled university have been recognized by the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) under the name University in Mitrovica<ref name=autogenerated1 /> and the University is additionally recognized by the Serbian government as a Serbian institution. It is a member of the Conference of the Universities of Serbia (KONUS)Konferencija and European University Associationhttp://www.rektorat.ftnkm.info/cirilica/vesti.php Speech of the Rector of the University of Pristina published at the University's website<http://prijemni.infostud.com/ecms/viewarticle.php?id=9400&ml Novosti, 2007-08-26.<ref name="EUA welcomes new Members"/>EUA members directory, Retrieved on November 3, 2008International Radio Serbia, November 14, 2008University has become the member of EUA, retrieved on November 24, 2008University of Pristina in European Association, Retrieved on November 24, 2008 and has established cooperation with numerous institutions worldwide (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Greece, France, Russia, Macedonia, Italy, Norway, Romania, Oman, Bulgaria, Ireland, UK...)Report on international cooperation of the University of Pristina, Retrieved on February 24, 2009.
On the other hand, with the formal independence of Kosovo on 17 February 2008, the University of Prishtina located physically in Pristina, the university in an Albanian-language version, occupyies the campus in the capital of Kosovo, functioning as the chief university of Kosovo, and according to its website, is also a member of European University Association. It maintains wide contacts with Western European and American universities and institutions. In those academic and political circles, it is viewed as the ongoing old University of Priština.<ref name="uiowa.edu" /><ref name="uic.edu"/><ref name="darthmouth.edu" /><ref name="HUMSEC, European Commission" />
Pristina International Airport (; Serbian: Међународни аеродром Приштина, Međunarodni aerodrom Priština) is an international airport located outside of Pristina, Kosovo. It is an international airport that handles over a million passengers per year,<ref name=one>Prishtina International Airport hits 1 million passengers (New Kosova Report) (12 November 2008)</ref> co-located with Slatina Air Base. It is under the authority of the Government of Kosovo after the handover from the authority of NATO/United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), and is the main port of entry for air travellers to Kosovo.
Zubin Potok or Zubin Potoku (; ) is a town and municipality in the Mitrovica District of northern Kosovo. According to 1991 census, the municipality had a population of 8,479 people.
The District of Gnjilane or District of Gjilan (; ) is one the the seven districts (the higher-level administrative divisions) of Kosovo, with seat in the town of Gnjilane.
Zvečan (, Zvečan; or Zveçani) is a town and municipality in the Kosovska Mitrovica district of northern Kosovo. According to 2006 estimates, the municipality of Zvečan had a population of 16,600 people.
Suva Reka or Suhareka (, Suharekë, or Theranda, Therandë; or Suva Reka, Greek: Thèranda, Θηραντα) is a town and municipality in the Prizren district of southern Kosovo. It is an industrial city. The name of the town means "dry river" in the Serbian language.
Mališevo or Malisheva (Albanian Malishevë or Malisheva; Serbian: Малишево, Mališevo) is a town and municipality in the Prizren District of central Kosovo. The town itself has approximately 2,300 inhabitants while the municipality has an estimated 56,000 inhabitants.
Štrpce or Shtërpcë (; ) is a town and municipality in southern Kosovo.
According to 1991 census, the municipality of Štrpce had a population of 12,712 people. As of 2006, Štrpce has an ethnic Serbian majority, making it a Serb enclave in Kosovo.
Štimlje or Shtime (; ) is a town and municipality in the Uroševac district of southern Kosovo. The town is the seat of the Štimlje municipality.
Vučitrn or Vushtrri ( or Vushtrria; ; , Vučitrn, Greek: Vystria, Βυστρια) is a city and municipality in north-eastern Kosovo. It is the seat of the Mitrovica District. The name of the city means "wolf's thorn", the name of the spiny restharrow plant in SerbianMirjana Detelić: Градови у хришћанској и муслиманској епици, Belgrade, 2004. ISBN 86-7179-039-8.
Although there is no official data, the total population of the municipality is estimated at 106,000. It is also the home of the Kosovo Police Service training school where from 1999 members of the OSCE trained the new multiethnic police service following the departure of the Serbs in 1999. The staff at the training school were made up of serving and retired police officers from the member states of the OSCE.
Junik (; ) is a small town in the Đakovica district of western Kosovo. It is located in the west Metohija between Dečani and Đakovica along Kosovo's mountainous border with Albania. It is populated with ethnic Albanians. Junik is hometown to many widely known people including former heavyweight European boxing champion Luan Krasniqi, artist and writer Rexhep Goci, politician and writer Haxhi Kraki and poet Din Mehmeti to name a few. This is set to be one of the new municipalities of Kosovo.
Stanovci is a small village near the city of Vučitrn in the northeastern part of Kosovo. In fact it is made up of two villages, Gornje Stanovce (Upper Stanovce)http://www.maplandia.com/serbia-and-montenegro/kosovo/gornje-stanovce/ and Donje Stanovce (Lower Stanovce)http://www.tageo.com/index-e-rb-v-00-d-m116035.htm. Stanovci is situated between the Sitnica River and the Pristina-Mitrovica road. It is approximately from the Pristina. The village has a population of about 2000. The land is mainly used for agriculture. The mountain of Čičavica rises to a height of to the west of the village.
Drenica ( or Drenicë; ), also known as the Drenica Valley, is a hilly region in central Kosovo, covering . Located west of the capital Pristina, its population of 110,000 (1991 Census) is largely ethnic-Albanian.
The region comprises the municipalities of Glogovac and Srbica, with these cities being at the same time the respective municipal capitals and major population centers of each municipality. A popular attraction is the Čičavica Mountains, located northeast of Glogovac.
Traditionally this region showed strong resistance to any of the regimes installed in Kosovo by force. Before and after World War Two, the region was the site of much rebel activity.
The villages surrounding the towns of Glogovac and Srbica are the birthplace of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), which began armed operations in Drenica in 1996. A KLA stronghold during the 1998-1999 Kosovo War, the region saw many armed conflicts with Serbian police and military forces organized by Slobodan Milošević. The hilltop village of Likovac served as regional headquarters for the KLA until the Serbs recaptured it in an offensive in September 1998. The area around Čičavica also saw activity between Serb forces and the 114th Brigade of the KLA.
Yugoslav army and paramilitary units used a Feronikel plant near Glogovac as a base for operations from 1998 to 1999. Before the war, the factory produced nickel and ore. After the Albanian workers were laid off or expelled, it was also used as a barracks and a fire base, in which cannons and rockets were fired against KLA positions. The plant was bombed by NATO forces on April 29, 1999, causing an unknown number of casualties and extensive damage.
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Kamenica ( or Dardana, Serbian: Kosovska Kamenica or Косовска Каменица) is a town and municipality in eastern Kosovo.
Goraždevac (Serbian: Гораждевац, known in Albanian as Gorazhdevc) is a village near the city of Peć in the UN administered province of Kosovo in Serbia. It has been inhabited since at least the 13th century, when it was mentioned in the chrysobull of Stefan Nemanja (or his son, Stefan the First-Crowned).
The village possesses the oldest log-cabin church in Serbia, constructed at the end of the 16th century and dedicated to Saint Jeremiah. Although very small, it has a complete nave and narthex. The old icons and church vessels are now kept in a new church in the vicinity of the old one. In the late 1970s the church underwent extensive conservation and restoration works.
As a Serb-inhabited enclave in a heavily Albanian-inhabited region of western Kosovo, Goraždevac has for several years been the scene of ethnic tensions between the two communities. It was the scene of attacks by the guerilla group, the "Kosovo Liberation Army", in the late 1990s as they fought the occupying Serb paramilitary forces, accused of committing atrocities against the local Albanian population. After the end of the Kosovo War in June 1999, many of its population of around 2,000 Serbs fled attacks by Albanian militants, though some later returned. The population today is said to be around 850 people. The village has come under repeated attack by Albanian extremists since the end of the Kosovo War and is one of a number of Kosovo Serb enclaves under 24-hour guard by troops from KFOR.
In August 2003, a 19-year old Serbian teenager and a 12-year old boy were shot and killed, with four more children wounded, while swimming in the Bistrica river near Goraždevac. The incident sparked a wave of anti-Serbian violence across Kosovo. It was widely blamed on Albanian extremists but the culprits have not yet been found.
In June 2003, Veselin Besović from Goraždevac was sentenced by an international court in Peć to serve seven years in prison for crimes allegedly committed in the villages of Čuska and Zahać.Concerns in Europe and Central Asia: January to June 2003 (Amnesty International) He has appealed.http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=10476&Cr=kosovo&Cr1=